Each year, heavy vehicles that operate on public roads must file the Form 2290 as part of HVUT (Heavy Vehicle Use Tax). This is an annual tax that must be filed for the tax year of July 1 until June 30. As of now, the IRS is not yet accepting this form for the tax year of July 2012 – June 2013. Filing for the Form 2290 should begin on July 1st of 2012.
Beware of scams or other disingenuous offers to file the 2290 now or File Early for this coming Tax Year. The IRS is not yet accepting this Form for the new tax year as of yet.
The only scenario in which someone would need to file now would be if their heavy vehicle was first placed in service during the month of April. In that case, the form 2290 would be due by May 31. This is because vehicles that are placed in service during the tax year must file for the portion of the tax year that they were on the road.